An sabunta ta ƙarshe 18/03/2022 ta Dakunan shan magani - Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a

Masana kimiyya sun dawo da gani a cikin makanta na makafi da farko!

Kyakkyawan nasara mai ban mamaki a cikin binciken da ya danganci lura da cutar ta glaucoma, wacce aka fi sani da glaucoma, da sauran rikice-rikice na gani da ke tasiri kan jijiya na jijiyoyi.

Nazarin, an buga shi a cikin littafin bincike Nature Neuroscience, yayi bayanin yadda masana kimiyya suka sami damar dawo da mahimman ayyukan gani a cikin berayen da suka makanta saboda rashin kusancin jijiya tsakanin idanu da kwakwalwa.

Sake shakatawa na rauni da jijiyoyi

Masu binciken sun 'yaudari' zaren jijiya na gani - jijiyoyin da ke dauke da bayanan gani daga ido zuwa kwakwalwa - don gyara kansu. Sun kuma gano cewa ƙwayoyin jijiyoyin ba wai kawai sun sake farfadowa ba ne, amma kuma sun bi hanyar ta jijiyar da suke kwanciya kafin ta lalace ko ta yanke.

Jiyya ta farko har abada akan makanta saboda glaucoma

Kafin jiyya, ƙurar ta shafi yanayin da ke kama da glaucoma. Dalilin makanta wanda yake faruwa sakamakon matsin lamba a cikin ido wanda yake danna kan jijiyar mara mai amfani da optic kuma yana hana shi aiki.

Farfesa Huberman, jagoran masu bincike a bayan binciken, yaci gaba da bayanin cewa har zuwa yau, ba a sake dawo da hangen nesa ga wadanda suka kamu da cutar kwalara ba, wadanda akafi sani da cataracts - wanda shine babban dalilin makanta. Amma har ya zuwa yanzu, ba a sami magani na hangen nesa ba ga mutanen da suka rasa ganinsu saboda cutar ta glaucoma.

Glaucoma wani mummunan yanayin gani ne wanda ke shafar kusan miliyan 70 a duk duniya. Rashin lalacewar jijiya na iya faruwa saboda dalilai iri-iri, da suka hada da rauni, retinement, tumou, ko ciwon kwakwalwa.

Bayyanar banbanci da kuma amfani da kwayoyin

Idan ka kalli wani abu, hakika haske ne wanda yake tunowa daga abu da kuma yanayin da kake kallo kuma a cikin idanunka. Anan, hasken yana maida hankali ne a cikin ruwan tabarau na ido kafin a ci gaba kuma ana fassara shi ta hanyar hotonreceptors dake cikin retina - wani bakin ciki ne sel wadanda suke a bayan ido.

Wadannan photoreceptors sai su watsa siginar ko bayani ta hanyar wasu sel da hanyoyin jijiyoyi ta hanyar jijiya - sannan kuma ta hanyar bakin muryoyin jijiya wadanda ake kira axons wadanda ke shimfidawa da tafi zuwa sassan daban daban na kwakwalwa. Anan sun haɗa zuwa wasu jijiyoyi kuma suna samar da hoton da muke "gani".

Akwai nau'ikan ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi sama da 30 waɗanda ke fassara sassa daban-daban na bayanan gani. Wasu suna aiki tare da launuka, wasu suna aiki tare da motsi da takamaiman ayyuka.

Farfesa Huberman yaci gaba da bayanin yadda wadannan kwayoyin halittar jijiyoyin suke yin aiki tare kuma suka samar da wani tsayayyen kwarewar gani wanda zai iya faɗakar damu game da haɗari ko makamancin haka. Misali. Idan mota tazo da sauri zuwa gare ku, to waɗannan ƙwayoyin jijiya zasu taimaka wa kwakwalwarku fassara wannan a matsayin mai haɗari sannan kuma ku ba da shawarar cewa ya kamata ku matsa.

Wadannan kwayoyin jijiyoyi suna aika sakonni da bayanai zuwa fiye da dozin biyu na kwakwalwa, wanda ba kawai aiki tare da hangen nesa ba, har ila yau yana shafar yanayinmu da inda muke cikin rawar yau da kullun.

Fiye da sulusin kwakwalwa suna sadaukar da kai wajen fassara bayanai masu alaƙa da hangen nesa da kuma siginar, amma kawai ƙungiyoyin ƙwayoyin jijiyoyin hannu ne ke haɗa kwakwalwa da ido. Ya kuma kara da cewa:
"Idan aka yanke sashin wadannan sel, to kamar an cire fulogin ne daga gani. Babu hanyar haɗin kai. "

Masu binciken sun gano cewa za su iya sake farfado da jijiya ta gani a cikin beraye ta hanyar kula da su a kullum tare da nuna karfi ga hotuna masu banbanci da / ko magudi na biochemical - da nufin sake kunna wata hanyar jijiya a cikin tarin gungun jijiyoyin ido.

Wannan hanyar jijiya ana kiranta mTOR, kuma bincike ya tabbatar da cewa tana taka muhimmiyar rawa a haɓakar kwakwalwa. Lokacin da wannan tafarkin jijiya ya raunana ko ya ɓace - wanda ke faruwa a lokacin tsofaffi - zaku kuma rasa yawancin mahimman haɓaka haɓaka hulɗa da kwayoyin.

Bayan makonni uku na jiyya, an bincika idanu da kwakwalwar ƙwayoyin don su gani ko kowane ƙwayar axon ya sake ƙaruwa. Sakamakon binciken ya nuna masu binciken.

Duk sassan biyu na jiyya suna da mahimmanci

Wani muhimmin abin lura a cikin binciken shi ne cewa dukda cewa axon na jikin sel din gurnani yana lalacewa yayin da aka datse jijiyoyin gani, sel din photoreceptor da alaqarsu da kwayoyin.

Binciken ya kara nuna cewa berayen da suka karɓi wani ɓangare na magani kawai - ko dai ƙarfafawar gani ko kuma amfani da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar mTOR hanyar jijiya - ba ta inganta ba. Abun haɗin haɗin biyu ne ya zama mai yanke shawara kuma ya haifar da tsarin sabuntawa a cikin mafi yawan axons. Wadannan axon daga nan suka fara girma da yin ƙaura zuwa sassan kwakwalwa.

Wannan kuma ya nuna cewa axon ya girma ya koma matsayinsu na asali - kuma masu binciken sun kwatanta wannan da 'kamar dai sel suna da GPS nasu'.

Nasara, amma zai iya zama mafi kyau

Maganin ya kasance babbar nasara, amma a sake dubawa, sun gano cewa wasu ɓangarorin hangen nesa sun ɓace. Bangaren hangen nesa wanda ke da alhakin cikakkun bayanai bai kasance aiki ba. Teamungiyar ta iya tabbatar da cewa guda biyu (sama da 30) daga wasu ƙwayoyin ganglion na ƙwayoyin cuta sun girma zuwa makasudin su - amma ba su da shi, a lokacin nazarin, alamun alamomin da za su iya gaya musu idan sauran axons ɗin ma sun kai. Masu binciken sun riga sun fara sabon bincike inda suke aiki don inganta maganin.

Kammalawa:

Nazarin ban mamaki wanda hakika shine jagora wajen magance makafin da cutar glaucoma ta haifar! Muna fatan bin cigaban gaba. Wannan, bayan lokaci, ci gaba zuwa ingantaccen maganin hangen nesa ga mutane. Muna fata kawai 'yan siyasa sun zaɓi amfani da albarkatun kuɗi don bincike wanda zai iya haifar da kyakkyawan sakamako na zamantakewar tattalin arziki - tunanin idan duk waɗanda ke da makanta za su iya samun damar sake aiki gaba ɗaya? Raba labarin a shafukan sada zumunta domin mu kara maida hankali kan irin wannan bincike mai fa'ida!

Ba da 'yanci ka raba wannan labarin tare da abokan aiki, abokai da abokan arziki. Idan kuna son labarai, motsa jiki ko makamantansu da aka aiko azaman takaddara tare da maimaitawa da makamantansu, muna tambayarku kamar kuma ku shiga ta hanyar samun shafin Facebook ta. Idan kuna da wasu tambayoyi, kawai sharhi kai tsaye a cikin labarin ko don tuntube mu (gaba daya kyauta) - zamuyi bakin kokarin mu don taimaka muku.

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(Mun yi ƙoƙarin amsa duk saƙonni da tambayoyi a cikin sa'o'i 24) Kuna zaɓin ko kuna son amsoshi daga chiropractor, chiropractor, likitan motsa jiki, mai ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali tare da ci gaba da ilimin a cikin ilimin likita, likita ko likitan jiki .. Hakanan zamu iya taimaka muku in gaya muku abin da darasi wanda ya dace da matsalar ku, taimaka muku neman likitocin da aka bada shawarar, fassara amsoshin MRI da makamantan su. Tuntuɓe mu yau don kiran abokantaka)

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