Polyneuropathy

Polyneuropathy is a nerve injury or nerve disease affecting the peripheral nerves. The diagnosis is characterized by it striking on both sides in approximately the same areas (for example, in both feet).

The nervous condition can be acute or chronic - and can lead to weakness, numbness and burning pain in the affected areas.

Normally, the first symptoms start in the feet and hands - before it gradually worsens and affects larger parts of the arms and legs. Certain more severe cases of polyneuropathy may also affect other parts of the body and the autonomic nervous system (the part of the nerves that regulate organs and homeostasis in the body).

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In the article, we will review:

• Symptoms of polyneuropathy

• Causes of being hit by polyneuropathy

• Diagnosis of polyneuropathy

• Treatment of polyneuropathy

In this article you can learn more about polyneuropathy and the cause, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of this neurological condition.

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Symptoms and Signs of Polyneuropathy

Due to the influence of the diagnosis on the sensory nerve function, the condition can give rise to a number of different symptoms. A list of the symptoms of polyneuropathy includes:

• Burning symptoms in feet and hands

• Lack of feeling in the legs and arms

• Muscular atrophy (loss of muscle)

• Numbness

• tingling

• Reduced muscle control

It is also important to distinguish between acute and chronic polyneuropathy. People with the chronic issue of the disease diagnosis may lose the ability to feel both temperature and pain in the affected areas. This can result in burns or other injuries due to inability to respond.

In certain, more severe cases, the nerves that innervate the organs are involved - and then the sufferer may experience digestive problems such as diarrhea and constipation due to lack of bowel and bladder control. You may also experience sexual dysfunction (such as impotence) or abnormally low blood pressure due to lack of regulation.

Symptoms of Guillain-Barre syndrome

One of the most severe types of polyneuropathy is called Guillain-Barre syndrome. A rare neurological disease that occurs without warning. The diagnosis causes the body's own immune system to attack nerve cells at the point where the nerves leave the spinal cord.

Symptoms occur very quickly and worsen rapidly. It usually starts with muscle weakness and tingling in the hands and / or feet - which then spreads further up the arms and legs. In some cases, it leaves the affected hero, usually temporarily, paralyzed (lamb).

Other symptoms, usually only in more severe cases, may include:

• blood pressure Problems

• Changed heart beat (arrhythmia)

• Difficulty breathing

It is very important to mention that those with Guillain-Barre syndrome have very good chances of recovering completely. Especially if the condition is detected early.

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Causes and Diagnoses of Polyneuropathy

Polyneuropathy is categorized as either acute (sudden onset) or chronic (occurring over a long period of time). They are distinguished by having different causes and different symptoms (as mentioned earlier in the article)

Causes of Acute Polyneuropathy

Acute polyneuropathy can have many possible causes - including:

Autoimmune reactions: Autoimmune conditions are diagnoses where the body's own immune system attacks its own cells. This happens, among other things, with Guillan-Barre syndrome where specific nerves are attacked.

infections: Acute polyneuropathy may occur due to a specific toxin produced by a bacterium that causes the infectious disease diphtheria. This is called bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae in the professional language.

Toxins: Exposure to poisons, solvents and toxins through work in an industrial profession or similar can lead to acute polyneuropathy. This can occur, among other things, if you have been exposed to mercury or lead poisoning.

Causes of Chronic Polyneuropathy

Contrary to acute polyneuropathy, the cause of chronic polyneuropathy is often unknown. However, there are a number of known causes - many of which are directly related to poor diet and nutrition.

These reasons include:

Alcohol abuse: Research (1) has shown that the active component of alcohol. ethanol, has a direct poisoning effect on the nerves - and that greater alcohol intake over a longer period of time will lead to a gradual breakdown of the nerve tissue. This condition is known as alcohol-induced polyneuropathy. The reason is due to malnutrition and especially lack of vitamin B1.

Diabetes: Diabetes is the most common cause of nerve damage in the body - and chronic polyneuropathy. High and irregular blood sugar levels can lead to damage to the nerves in the body - and especially in the legs and feet. A healthy lifestyle and diet change to avoid further elevated blood sugar levels and nerve damage must be followed for the rest of your life.

Cancer and metastasis: Cancer can cause nerve damage by directly attacking nerve cells or by indirectly exerting pressure on them. Cancer diagnosis multiple myeloma is one of possible cancer diagnoses that can lead to chronic polyneuropathy.

Vitamin B12 deficiency: The body relies on vitamin B12 to function properly down to the cellular level. This vitamin is essential for every single cell in the body - including the nerve cells. Deficiencies can lead to degradation of the spinal cord, due to lack of repair, and too few red blood cells in the body (anemia).

Other possible causes of chronic polyneuropathy may be:

• chemotherapy

• Low metabolism (hypothyroidism)

• Medicinal side effects

• Kidney failure

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Diagnosis: Why is the diagnosis of polyneuropathy?

The diagnosis of polyneuropathy is primarily made through a history collection and a clinical examination.

In this initial phase of the study, it is mapped, among other things, which areas are affected - for example feet, hands, arms and legs - and whether the symptoms are constant or variable. In addition, any sensory changes and pain are also investigated.

Normally, a clinician will be able to make the diagnosis based only on a thorough history collection and examination, but in some cases further investigations may also be necessary. Such as:

• Electrodiagnostic Tests

• Nerve conduction tests

• Extended blood tests

It is also important to mention that the tests performed may vary based on suspected cause. For example, the examination and monitoring of blood sugar will be central to the suspicion of diabetic polyneuropathy.

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Treatment of Polyneuropathy

There are several different forms of polyneuropathy - therefore the treatment will also vary. 

For example: If there is a deficiency of vitamin B12 underlying chronic polyneuropathy then injections with B12, as shown above, in combination with an improved diet will be the central part of the treatment.

Diet and Nutrition for Polyneuropathy

As shown earlier, several different types of polyneuropathy are due to poor diet and nutrition. Failure to consume essential nutrients may, among other things, cause damage and failure to repair nerve tissue. Proper nutrition plays a key role in good nerve health.

Medicines and Medicines for Polyneuropathy

There is no miracle cure for polyneuropathy, unfortunately. However, certain forms of the disease, such as chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, may be dependent on immunosuppressive drugs such as methylprednisolone.

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Summarizeringing

Polyneuropathy can be caused by a number of different causes and diagnoses - and can be divided into acute and chronic variants. The treatment you receive will depend on the variation of the condition you have.

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